Air Quality and Livestock Farming

Chapter 1: Airborne dust in livestock buildings

• • 1.1 Introduction
• • 1.2 Particulate sources and fractional characteristics
• • 1.3 Indoor particulate matter concentrations
• • 1.4 Summary of comprehensive animal and poultry housing PM studies
• • 1.5 Conclusion

Chapter 2: Lagoon characteristics and ambient hydrogen sulfide concentrations at a swine feeding facility

• • 2.1 Introduction
• • 2.2 Literature review
• • 2.3 Methodology
• • 2.4 Results and discussion
• • 2.5 Summary and conclusions

Chapter 3: Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in swine production

• • 3.1 Introduction
• • 3.2 Ammonia in swine production
• • 3.3 Hydrogen sulfide in swine production
• • 3.4 Discussion and conclusions

Chapter 4: Pollutants in livestock buildings: Ammonia and dust interplay with the respiratory tract

• • 4.1 Ammonia in piggeries: concentrations and effects on animal’s health and performance
• • 4.2 Particulate matter: origin, classification, deposition in the respiratory system and effects on animal health and production
• • 4.3 Concept of secondary particulate matter: from gases to PM formation

Chapter 5: Gaseous emissions of bedded pack barns with wood chips and compost as bedding material

• • 5.1 Introduction
• • 5.2 Materials and methods
• • 5.3 Results
• • 5.4 Discussion
• • 5.5 Conclusions

Chapter 6: Seasonal variability of the PM and ammonia concentrations in uninsulated loose-housing cowshed

• • 6.1 Introduction
• • 6.2 Materials and methods
• • 6.3 Results and discussion
• • 6.4 Conclusions

Chapter 7: Air quality and factors related to sub-optimal pig housing conditions in nursery and finishing rooms: A field study in 143 French herds

• • 7.1 Introduction
• • 7.2 Material and methods
• • 7.3 Results
• • 7.4 Discussion
• • 7.5 Conclusions

Chapter 8: Temperature, relative humidity, noise, dust and odor levels recorded on free-range piggery sites in three states of Australia

• • 8.1 Introduction
• • 8.2 Materials and methods
• • 8.3 Results and discussion
• • 8.4 Conclusions 136

Chapter 9: Airborne pollutant concentrations within and emission rates from Australian piggery buildings

• • 9.1 Introduction
• • 9.2 Material and methods
• • 9.3 Results
• • 9.4 Discussion
• • 9.5 Conclusions

Chapter 10: Microclimate and air quality in uninsulated loose-housing cowsheds in temperate climate conditions

• • 10.1 Introduction
• • 10.2 Materials and methods
• • 10.3 Results and discussion
• • 10.4 Conclusions

Chapter 11: Intensive livestock housing: a review: Preventing occupational respiratory hazards for workers

• • 11.1 Introduction
• • 11.2 Which hazardous dusts and gases are found in ILHs?
• • 11.3 Who is exposed to these dusts and gases, and when?
• • 11.4 How commonly does excessive exposure occur?
• • 11.5 Respiratory effects of inhaling ILH dusts and gases
• • 11.6 Diagnosis
• • 11.7 Treatment

Chapter 12: The effect of air quality in livestock buildings on the occupational health of farm workers

• • 12.1 Introduction
• • 12.2 Materials and methods
• • 12.3 Results
• • 12.4 Discussion
• • 12.5 Recommendations 180

Chapter 13: Dust dispersion modeling of fugitive emissions from piggeries

• • 13.1 Introduction
• • 13.2 Methodology
• • 13.3 Results and discussion
• • 13.4 Conclusions

Chapter 14: The effects of atmospheric ammonia during export of livestock

• • 14.1 Introduction
• • 14.2 Source of atmospheric ammonia during live export
• • 14.3 Atmospheric ammonia levels during live export
• • 14.4 Effects of ammonia on livestock during live export
• • 14.5 Threshold levels of atmospheric ammonia for humans
• • 14.6 Threshold levels of atmospheric ammonia for animals
• • 14.7 Conclusions

Chapter 15: Hygiene and cleanliness in pig buildings as preventive medicine to ensure healthier animals

• • 15.1 Introduction
• • 15.2 Influence of hygiene and cleanliness on pig health
• • 15.3 Hygiene to ensure food safety and quality
• • 15.4 Hygiene, health and air quality in buildings
• • 15.5 Current means to attain hygiene in pig production and the need to implement better hygiene
• • 15.6 Cleaning and disinfection procedures in pig buildings
• • 15.7 Conclusions

Chapter 16: Controlling the internal concentrations of gases and odor within and emissions from animal buildings

• • 16.1 A general view on airborne pollutants – an introduction
• • 16.2 A brief description of relevant gases and odor
• • 16.3 Control and reduction measures
• • 16.4 Final remarks

Chapter 17: Controlling the internal concentrations of particulate matter within and emissions from animal buildings

• • 17.1 The characteristics of airborne particles at a glance
• • 17.2 Control and reduction measures
• • 17.3 Final remarks

Chapter 18: Emission reduction from livestock buildings using a filtration device

• • 18.1 Introduction
• • 18.2 Materials and methods
• • 18.3 Results and discussion
• • 18.4 Conclusions

Chapter 19: Effect of electrostatic precipitation on particulate matter emissions from a high-rise layer house

• • 19.1 Introduction and objective
• • 19.2 Methods and procedures
• • 19.3 Experimental design
• • 19.4 Results and discussion
• • 19.5 Conclusions

Chapter 20: Oil-spraying technologies to be used for dust reduction in livestock buildings

• • 20.1 Introduction
• • 20.2 Fundamentals for designing oil-spraying for dust control
• • 20.3 Strategy of the oil-spraying operation
• • 20.4 Different types of oil-spraying systems
• • 20.5 Review of studies reported previously
• • 20.6 Recommendations for future studies

Chapter 21: Housing index development for a holistic air quality evaluation: A preliminary framework

• • 21.1 Introduction
• • 21.2 The concepts of air quality indices
• • 21.3 Conclusions

Chapter 22: Computer-based management of air quality data: Development of a software system

• • 22.1 Introduction
• • 22.2 General description of the software
• • 22.3 Description of the main functionalities of the BASE-Q software
• • 22.4 Description of the main functionalities of the Pocket BASE-Q program
• • 22.5 Conclusion