Drought Dynamics

Chapter 1: Background and drought indices

• • 1.1 Background
• • 1.2 Drought assessment methods
• • 1.3 Discussion and conclusions
• • References

Chapter 2: Bibliometry and Review

• • 2.1 Introduction
• • 2.2 Results of bibliometric analysis
• • 2.3 Trending topics and emerging themes in drought-related research
• • 2.4 The most commonly used datasets in drought-related research
• • 2.5 The most commonly used methods and indices for drought prediction
• • 2.6 Conclusion
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 3: An overview of drought indices

• • 3.1 Introduction
• • 3.2 Characterization of drought
• • 3.3 Drought indices
• • 3.4 Conclusion
• • Acknowledgment
• • References

Chapter 4: Application of General Circulation Models’ outputs in the analysis of extreme climatic events

• • 4.1 Introduction
• • 4.2 General Circulation Models—an overview
• • 4.3 Emission scenarios
• • 4.4 Downscaling
• • 4.5 Uncertainty issue
• • 4.6 Extreme climatic events
• • 4.7 Case study: Drought Assessment
• • 4.8 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 5: Drought in arid and semiarid regions

• • 5.1 Learning and knowledge outcomes
• • 5.2 Introduction
• • 5.3 Methods
• • 5.4 Application
• • 5.5 Discussion
• • 5.6 Conclusions
• • References

Chapter 6: Drought propagation from meteorological to agricultural to hydrological

• • 6.1 Introduction
• • 6.2 Drought types
• • 6.3 Widely employed index for each drought
• • 6.4 Drought propagation
• • 6.5 Discussion and conclusions
• • References

Chapter 7: Drought and architecture

• • 7.1 Introduction
• • 7.2 The concept of climatic architecture
• • 7.3 Traditional architecture in the hot and arid climate
• • 7.4 Contemporary design inspired by traditional architecture
• • 7.5 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 8: The psychological toll of drought in a changing climate

• • 8.1 Introduction
• • 8.2 Methodology
• • 8.3 Psychological effects of drought
• • 8.4 Drought and eco-anxiety
• • 8.5 The link between drought and eco-anxiety
• • 8.6 Drought coping mechanisms
• • 8.7 Conclusion
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 9: Policy and governance in drought studies

• • 9.1 Introduction
• • 9.2 Developing a framework for effective drought governance
• • 9.3 The MICMAC method
• • 9.4 Identifying factors influencing drought governance
• • 9.5 Classification of factors using MICMAC
• • 9.6 Challenges and barriers to effective drought governance
• • 9.7 Conclusion and policy recommendations
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 10: Water demand management and behavior change in agriculture

• • 10.1 Introduction
• • 10.2 What farmers are expected to do
• • 10.3 How farmers are encouraged to do what they are expected to do
• • 10.4 Understanding why farmers do what they do
• • 10.5 Designing policies to promote behavior change in irrigation under water scarcity
• • 10.6 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 11: The state’s efforts for effective water storage management: case studies from Bursa District

• • 11.1 Introduction
• • 11.2 Applications and Practices
• • 11.3 Further Applications and Investments
• • 11.4 Sum Up
• • 11.5 Future Projections
• • References

Chapter 12: Meteorological drought modeling using recurrent neural networks and LSTM

• • 12.1 Introduction
• • 12.2 Methods
• • 12.3 Drought data gathering for central Iraq
• • 12.4 Selection of predictors and performance indices
• • 12.5 Results
• • 12.6 Conclusion
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 13: Data assimilation technologies

• • 13.1 Introduction
• • 13.2 Emerging methods for drought monitoring
• • 13.3 Data assimilation in agricultural drought monitoring
• • 13.4 Remote sensing in drought monitoring
• • 13.5 Conclusions and future perspectives
• • References

Chapter 14: Models (linear, nonlinear, machine learning)

• • 14.1 Introduction
• • 14.2 Materials and methods
• • 14.3 Results and discussion
• • 14.4 Conclusions
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 15: Climate and drought (variability, changes, future droughts)

• • 15.1 Introduction
• • 15.2 Climate variability
• • 15.3 Climate change
• • 15.4 Climate change models and scenarios
• • 15.5 Drought
• • 15.6 Future of drought and forecasting techniques
• • 15.7 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 16: Regional case study using SPI and Mann–Kendall test

• • 16.1 Introduction
• • 16.2 Case study
• • 16.3 Results and discussion
• • 16.4 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 17: Spatiotemporal analysis of temperature rise impact on snow drought in Erzurum, Türkiye

• • 17.1 Introduction
• • 17.2 Materials and methods
• • 17.3 Drought indices
• • 17.4 Results
• • 17.5 Discussion
• • 17.6 Conclusions
• • Authorship contribution statement
• • Data availability
• • Declaration of competing interest
• • Acknowledgments
• • Statements and declarations
• • AI disclosure
• • References

Chapter 18: CMIP6-based frequency analysis of extreme precipitation in Virginia, USA

• • 18.1 Introduction
• • 18.2 Study area and data collection
• • 18.3 Methodology
• • 18.4 Results and discussions
• • 18.5 Conclusion
• • References

Chapter 19: Integrated modeling of climate drought and groundwater quality in Iran

• • 19.1 Introduction
• • 19.2 Background
• • 19.3 Materials and methods
• • 19.4 Results and discussion
• • 19.5 Conclusions
• • References
• • Further reading

Chapter 20: Historical fluctuations of water storage in response to drought: Iran case study

• • 20.1 Introduction
• • 20.2 Study area
• • 20.3 Data preparation and analysis
• • 20.4 GRACE and GRACE-FO data
• • 20.5 Standardized precipitation index
• • 20.6 Wetness percentile index
• • 20.7 Reconstruction of missing GRACE data
• • 20.8 Seasonality assessment
• • 20.9 Trend analysis
• • 20.10 Results and discussion
• • 20.11 Seasonal dynamics of water storage
• • 20.12 Variations of standardized precipitation index
• • 20.13 Associations between water storage variations and drought indices
• • 20.14 Conclusion
• • References