Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes

Chapter 1: What Some Chemical Engineers Do for a Living

Chapter 2: Introduction to Engineering Calculations

• • 2.0 Learning Objectives
• • 2.1 Units and Dimensions
• • 2.2 Conversion of Units
• • 2.3 Systems of Units
• • 2.4 Force and Weight
• • 2.5 Numerical Calculation and Estimation
• • 2.6 Dimensional Homogeneity and Dimensionless Quantities
• • 2.7 Process Data Representation and Analysis
• • 2.8 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 3: Processes and Process Variables

• • 3.0 Learning Objectives
• • 3.1 Mass and Volume
• • 3.2 Flow Rate
• • 3.3 Chemical Composition
• • 3.4 Pressure
• • 3.5 Temperature
• • 3.6 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 4: Fundamentals of Material Balances

• • 4.0 Learning Objectives
• • 4.1 Process Classification
• • 4.2 Balances
• • 4.3 Material Balance Calculations
• • 4.4 Balances on Multiple-Unit Processes
• • 4.5 Recycle and Bypass
• • 4.6 Chemical Reaction Stoichiometry
• • 4.7 Balances on Reactive Processes
• • 4.8 Combustion Reactions
• • 4.9 Some Additional Considerations about Chemical Processes
• • 4.10 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 5: Single-Phase Systems

• • 5.0 Learning Objectives
• • 5.1 Liquid and Solid Densities
• • 5.2 Ideal Gases
• • 5.3 Equations of State for Nonideal Gases
• • 5.4 The Compressibility-Factor Equation of State
• • 5.5 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 6: Multiphase Systems

• • 6.0 Learning Objectives
• • 6.1 Single-Component Phase Equilibrium
• • 6.2 The Gibbs Phase Rule
• • 6.3 Gas–Liquid Systems: One Condensable Component
• • 6.4 Multicomponent Gas–Liquid Systems
• • 6.5 Solutions of Solids in Liquids
• • 6.6 Equilibrium Between Two Liquid Phases
• • 6.7 Adsorption on Solid Surfaces
• • 6.8 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 7: Energy and Energy Balances

• • 7.0 Learning Objectives
• • 7.1 Forms of Energy: The First Law of Thermodynamics
• • 7.2 Kinetic and Potential Energy
• • 7.3 Energy Balances on Closed Systems
• • 7.4 Energy Balances on Open Systems at Steady State
• • 7.5 Tables of Thermodynamic Data
• • 7.6 Energy Balance Procedures
• • 7.7 Mechanical Energy Balances
• • 7.8 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 8: Balances on Nonreactive Processes

• • 8.0 Learning Objectives
• • 8.1 Elements of Energy Balance Calculations
• • 8.2 Changes in Pressure at Constant Temperature
• • 8.3 Changes in Temperature
• • 8.4 Phase-Change Operations
• • 8.5 Mixing and Solution
• • 8.6 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 9: Balances on Reactive Processes

• • 9.0 Learning Objectives
• • 9.1 Heats of Reaction
• • 9.2 Measurement and Calculation of Heats of Reaction: Hess’s Law
• • 9.3 Formation Reactions and Heats of Formation
• • 9.4 Heats of Combustion
• • 9.5 Energy Balances on Reactive Processes
• • 9.6 Fuels and Combustion
• • 9.7 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter 10: Balances on Transient Processes

• • 10.0 Learning Objectives
• • 10.1 The General Balance Equation . . . Again
• • 10.2 Material Balances
• • 10.3 Energy Balances on Single-Phase Nonreactive Processes
• • 10.4 Simultaneous Transient Balances
• • 10.5 Summary
• • Problems

Chapter Appendix A: Computational Techniques

• • A.1 The Method of Least Squares
• • A.2 Iterative Solution of Nonlinear Algebraic Equations
• • A.3 Numerical Integration

Chapter Appendix B: Physical Property Tables

• • B.1 Selected Physical Property Data
• • B.2 Heat Capacities
• • B.3 Vapor Pressure of Water
• • B.4 Antoine Equation Constants
• • B.5 Properties of Saturated Steam: Temperature Table
• • B.6 Properties of Saturated Steam: Pressure Table
• • B.7 Properties of Superheated Steam
• • B.8 Specific Enthalpies of Selected Gases: SI Units
• • B.9 Specific Enthalpies of Selected Gases: U.S. Customary Units
• • B.10 Atomic Heat Capacities for Kopp’s Rule
• • B.11 Integral Heats of Solution and Mixing at 25°C