Fundamentals of Microelectronics

Name: Fundamentals of Microelectronics
Price: 128.95 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9781119695141

by Behzad Razavi

3rd Edition

Publisher: Wiley

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Book Details

Print ISBN	9781119695141
eText ISBN	9781119694397
Publisher	Wiley
Publishing Year	2021
Edition	3rd Edition
Language	English
Pages	960

Fundamentals of Microelectronics, 3rd Edition presents an introduction to the design and analysis of electrical circuits. Authored by Behzad Razavi and published by Wiley, this textbook supports engineering students learning circuit fundamentals.

The foundational content addresses basic semiconductor physics alongside practical diode models and circuits. The core material advances to detailed treatments of bipolar transistors and bipolar amplifiers.

To strengthen problem-solving skills, the textbook applies an "analysis by inspection" framework designed to assist students when deconstructing complex problems. This structure supports both single- and two-semester courses in microelectronics.

Chapter 1: Introduction To Microelectronics
- • 1.1 Electronics Versus Microelectronics
- • 1.2 Examples of Electronic Systems
- • 1.2.1 Cellular Telephone
- • 1.2.2 Digital Camera
- • 1.2.3 Analog Versus Digital
- • 1.3 Basic Concepts
- • 1.3.1 Analog and Digital Signals
- • 1.3.2 Analog Circuits
- • 1.3.3 Digital Circuits
- • 1.3.4 Basic Circuit Theorems
- • 1.4 Chapter Summary
Chapter 2: Basic Physics Of Semiconductors
- • 2.1 Semiconductor Materials and Their Properties
- • 2.1.1 Charge Carriers in Solids
- • 2.1.2 Modification of Carrier Densities
- • 2.1.3 Transport of Carriers
- • 2.2 pn Junction
- • 2.2.1 pn Junction in Equilibrium
- • 2.2.2 pn Junction Under Reverse Bias
- • 2.2.3 pn Junction Under Forward Bias
- • 2.2.4 I/V Characteristics
- • 2.3 Reverse Breakdown
- • 2.3.1 Zener Breakdown
- • 2.3.2 Avalanche Breakdown
- • 2.4 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 3: Diode Models and Circuits
- • 3.1 Ideal Diode
- • 3.1.1 Initial Thoughts
- • 3.1.2 Ideal Diode
- • 3.1.3 Application Examples
- • 3.2 pn Junction as a Diode
- • 3.3 Additional Examples
- • 3.4 Large-Signal and Small-Signal Operation
- • 3.5 Applications of Diodes
- • 3.5.1 Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifiers
- • 3.5.2 Voltage Regulation
- • 3.5.3 Limiting Circuits
- • 3.5.4 Voltage Doublers
- • 3.5.5 Diodes as Level Shifters and Switches
- • 3.6 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 4: Physics of Bipolar Transistors
- • 4.1 General Considerations
- • 4.2 Structure of Bipolar Transistor
- • 4.3 Operation of Bipolar Transistor in Active Mode
- • 4.3.1 Collector Current
- • 4.3.2 Base and Emitter Currents
- • 4.4 Bipolar Transistor Models and Characteristics
- • 4.4.1 Large-Signal Model
- • 4.4.2 I/V Characteristics
- • 4.4.3 Concept of Transconductance
- • 4.4.4 Small-Signal Model
- • 4.4.5 Early Effect
- • 4.5 Operation of Bipolar Transistor in Saturation Mode
- • 4.6 The PNP Transistor
- • 4.6.1 Structure and Operation
- • 4.6.2 Large-Signal Model
- • 4.6.3 Small-Signal Model
- • 4.7 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 5: Bipolar Amplifiers
- • 5.1 General Considerations
- • 5.1.1 Input and Output Impedances
- • 5.1.2 Biasing
- • 5.1.3 DC and Small-Signal Analysis
- • 5.2 Operating Point Analysis and Design
- • 5.2.1 Simple Biasing
- • 5.2.2 Resistive Divider Biasing
- • 5.2.3 Biasing with Emitter Degeneration
- • 5.2.4 Self-Biased Stage
- • 5.2.5 Biasing of PNP Transistors
- • 5.3 Bipolar Amplifier Topologies
- • 5.3.1 Common-Emitter Topology
- • 5.3.2 Common-Base Topology
- • 5.3.3 Emitter Follower
- • 5.4 Summary and Additional Examples
- • 5.5 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 6: Physics of Mos Transistors
- • 6.1 Structure of MOSFET
- • 6.2 Operation of MOSFET
- • 6.2.1 Qualitative Analysis
- • 6.2.2 Derivation of I-V Characteristics
- • 6.2.3 Channel-Length Modulation
- • 6.2.4 MOS Transconductance
- • 6.2.5 Velocity Saturation
- • 6.2.6 Other Second-Order Effects
- • 6.3 MOS Device Models
- • 6.3.1 Large-Signal Model
- • 6.3.2 Small-Signal Model
- • 6.4 PMOS Transistor
- • 6.5 CMOS Technology
- • 6.6 Comparison of Bipolar and MOS Devices
- • 6.7 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 7: Cmos Amplifiers
- • 7.1 General Considerations
- • 7.1.1 MOS Amplifier Topologies
- • 7.1.2 Biasing
- • 7.1.3 Realization of Current Sources
- • 7.2 Common-Source Stage
- • 7.2.1 CS Core
- • 7.2.2 CS Stage with Current-Source Load
- • 7.2.3 CS Stage with Diode- Connected Load
- • 7.2.4 CS Stage with Degeneration
- • 7.2.5 CS Core with Biasing
- • 7.3 Common-Gate Stage
- • 7.3.1 CG Stage with Biasing
- • 7.4 Source Follower
- • 7.4.1 Source Follower Core
- • 7.4.2 Source Follower with Biasing
- • 7.5 Summary and Additional Examples
- • 7.6 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 8: Operational Amplifier As a Black Box
- • 8.1 General Considerations
- • 8.2 Op-Amp-Based Circuits
- • 8.2.1 Noninverting Amplifier
- • 8.2.2 Inverting Amplifier
- • 8.2.3 Integrator and Differentiator
- • 8.2.4 Voltage Adder
- • 8.3 Nonlinear Functions
- • 8.3.1 Precision Rectifier
- • 8.3.2 Logarithmic Amplifier
- • 8.3.3 Square-Root Amplifier
- • 8.4 Op Amp Nonidealities
- • 8.4.1 DC Offsets
- • 8.4.2 Input Bias Current
- • 8.4.3 Speed Limitations
- • 8.4.4 Finite Input and Output Impedances
- • 8.5 Design Examples
- • 8.6 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 9: Cascode Stages and Current Mirrors
- • 9.1 Cascode Stage
- • 9.1.1 Cascode as a Current Source
- • 9.1.2 Cascode as an Amplifier
- • 9.2 Current Mirrors
- • 9.2.1 Initial Thoughts
- • 9.2.2 Bipolar Current Mirror
- • 9.2.3 MOS Current Mirror
- • 9.3 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 10: Differential Amplifiers
- • 10.1 General Considerations
- • 10.1.1 Initial Thoughts
- • 10.1.2 Differential Signals
- • 10.1.3 Differential Pair
- • 10.2 Bipolar Differential Pair
- • 10.2.1 Qualitative Analysis
- • 10.2.2 Large-Signal Analysis
- • 10.2.3 Small-Signal Analysis
- • 10.3 MOS Differential Pair
- • 10.3.1 Qualitative Analysis
- • 10.3.2 Large-Signal Analysis
- • 10.3.3 Small-Signal Analysis
- • 10.4 Cascode Differential Amplifiers
- • 10.5 Common-Mode Rejection
- • 10.6 Differential Pair with Active Load
- • 10.6.1 Qualitative Analysis
- • 10.6.2 Quantitative Analysis
- • 10.7 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 11: Frequency Response
- • 11.1 Fundamental Concepts
- • 11.1.1 General Considerations
- • 11.1.2 Relationship Between Transfer Function and Frequency Response
- • 11.1.3 Bode’s Rules
- • 11.1.4 Association of Poles with Nodes
- • 11.1.5 Miller’s Theorem
- • 11.1.6 General Frequency Response
- • 11.2 High-Frequency Models of Transistors
- • 11.2.1 High-Frequency Model of Bipolar Transistor
- • 11.2.2 High-Frequency Model of Mosfet
- • 11.2.3 Transit Frequency
- • 11.3 Analysis Procedure
- • 11.4 Frequency Response of CE and CS Stages
- • 11.4.1 Low-Frequency Response
- • 11.4.2 High-Frequency Response
- • 11.4.3 Use of Miller’s Theorem
- • 11.4.4 Direct Analysis
- • 11.4.5 Input Impedance
- • 11.5 Frequency Response of CB and CG Stages
- • 11.5.1 Low-Frequency Response
- • 11.5.2 High-Frequency Response
- • 11.6 Frequency Response of Followers
- • 11.6.1 Input and Output Impedances
- • 11.7 Frequency Response of Cascode Stage
- • 11.7.1 Input and Output Impedances
- • 11.8 Frequency Response of Differential Pairs
- • 11.8.1 Common-Mode Frequency Response
- • 11.9 Additional Examples
- • 11.10 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 12: Feedback
- • 12.1 General Considerations
- • 12.1.1 Loop Gain
- • 12.2 Properties of Negative Feedback
- • 12.2.1 Gain Desensitization
- • 12.2.2 Bandwidth Extension
- • 12.2.3 Modification of I/O Impedances
- • 12.2.4 Linearity Improvement
- • 12.3 Types of Amplifiers
- • 12.3.1 Simple Amplifier Models
- • 12.3.2 Examples of Amplifier Types
- • 12.4 Sense and Return Techniques
- • 12.5 Polarity of Feedback
- • 12.6 Feedback Topologies
- • 12.6.1 Voltage–Voltage Feedback
- • 12.6.2 Voltage–Current Feedback
- • 12.6.3 Current–Voltage Feedback
- • 12.6.4 Current–Current Feedback
- • 12.7 Effect of Nonideal I/O Impedances
- • 12.7.1 Inclusion of I/O Effects
- • 12.8 Stability in Feedback Systems
- • 12.8.1 Review of Bode’s Rules
- • 12.8.2 Problem of Instability
- • 12.8.3 Stability Condition
- • 12.8.4 Phase Margin
- • 12.8.5 Frequency Compensation
- • 12.8.6 Miller Compensation
- • 12.9 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 13: Oscillators
- • 13.1 General Considerations
- • 13.2 Ring Oscillators
- • 13.3 LC Oscillators
- • 13.3.1 Parallel LC Tanks
- • 13.3.2 Cross-Coupled Oscillator
- • 13.3.3 Colpitts Oscillator
- • 13.4 Phase Shift Oscillator
- • 13.5 Wien-Bridge Oscillator
- • 13.6 Crystal Oscillators
- • 13.6.1 Crystal Model
- • 13.6.2 Negative-Resistance Circuit
- • 13.6.3 Crystal Oscillator Implementation
- • 13.7 Chapter Summary
- • Problems
- • SPICE Problems
Chapter 14: Output Stages and Power Amplifiers
- • 14.1 General Considerations
- • 14.2 Emitter Follower as Power Amplifier
- • 14.3 Push-Pull Stage
- • 14.4 Improved Push-Pull Stage
- • 14.4.1 Reduction of Crossover Distortion
- • 14.4.2 Addition of CE Stage
- • 14.5 Large-Signal Considerations
- • 14.5.1 Biasing Issues
- • 14.5.2 Omission of PNP Power Transistor
- • 14.5.3 High-Fidelity Design
- • 14.6 Short-Circuit Protection
- • 14.7 Heat Dissipation
- • 14.7.1 Emitter Follower Power Rating
- • 14.7.2 Push-Pull Stage Power Rating
- • 14.7.3 Thermal Runaway
- • 14.8 Efficiency
- • 14.8.1 Efficiency of Emitter Follower
- • 14.8.2 Efficiency of Push-Pull Stage
- • 14.9 Power Amplifier Classes