Minimally Invasive Dentistry

Chapter 1: Introduction to Minimally Invasive Dentistry: History of Minimally Invasive Dentistry and Key Concepts

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • The Epidemiology of Dental Caries Worldwide
• • The Epidemiology of Periodontitis Worldwide
• • The Epidemiology of Tooth Wear
• • The Epidemiology of Tooth Loss
• • The Concept of Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID)
• • Principles of Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID) with Advantages and Disadvantages
• • The History of Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID)

Chapter 2: Where Are We with the Evidence for Minimally Invasive Dentistry?

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Clinical Experiences and Patient Values
• • Evidence
• • Clinical Experience
• • Patients Values
• • The Evidence-based Approach
• • Asking Answerable Questions
• • Searching for the Best Evidence
• • Evidence-based Computerised Decision Support Systems
• • Evidence-based Guidelines
• • Systematic Reviews
• • Individual Studies
• • Critical Appraisal
• • Applying the Evidence
• • Evaluating the Outcome
• • High Quality Evidence in Relation to MID
• • Cochrane Reviews on the Effects of Minimal Intervention Approaches in Caries Management
• • The Main Findings/Conclusions from Each Review Were
• • Cochrane Reviews on the Effects of Other MID Approaches (Consequences of Dental Caries)

Chapter 3: Molecular Dentistry: Role of Salivary Proteins in Dental Hard Tissue Protection

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Protein Control of Enamel Formation
• • The Inorganic Chemistry of Dental Hard Tissue Mineral Loss
• • The Role of the Organic Proteins of Saliva in Enamel Mineral Preservation
• • Biomineralisation and Bio-demineralisation/remineralisation
• • The Potential Roles of Protein Engineered Salivas in Minimally Invasive Dentistry
• • Overall Conclusion

Chapter 4: Dental Caries Risk Assessment and Early Caries Detection

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • What Is Caries Risk Assessment and Its Benefits?
• • The Components and Uses of Caries Risk Assessment Tools
• • The Caries Risk Likelihood Matrix
• • Identification of Factors Predictive of Risk
• • Caries Detection, Activity Assessment, Staging, and Diagnosis in Caries Risk Assessment
• • Visual Caries Detection
• • Detecting Early Lesions on Buccal, Lingual and Root Surfaces
• • Detecting Early Caries in Pits and Fissures on Tooth Surface
• • Detecting Lesions on Tooth Proximal Surfaces
• • Detecting Early Caries around Restorations
• • Assessing Caries Lesion Activity
• • Staging of the Caries Process
• • Radiographic Detection of Early Caries
• • Diagnosis of Dental Caries
• • Clinical Application of Caries Risk Assessment

Chapter 5: Management of Dental Caries: Minimally Invasive Dentistry vs. Conventional Strategies

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Clinical Challenges to Manage Dental Caries
• • Caries Risk Assessment and the Process
• • Disease Indicators
• • Biological and Environmental Risk Factors
• • Protective Factors
• • Determining the Caries Risk as Low, Moderate, High, or Extreme
• • Levels of Chemical Therapy Needed According to the Caries Risk Assessment
• • Low Caries Risk Chemical Therapy
• • Moderate Caries Risk Chemical Therapy
• • High Caries Risk Chemical Therapy
• • Extreme Caries Risk Chemical Therapy
• • Anticaries Agents and Delivery Systems
• • Bioactive Materials and the Future
• • When to Consider Conventional Treatment in High Risk Patients?

Chapter 6: Intraoral Vaccine and Their Potential Clinical Use

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • A Brief History of Vaccination
• • Principals of Vaccination
• • Types of Vaccine Preparations
• • Immunisation
• • The Structure and Function of the Oral Cavity
• • Immune Responses in the Oral Cavity
• • Inflammation and the Immune Response: Defending the Barricades
• • Inductive and Effector Sites in the Oral Cavity
• • Mucosal Immunisation and Oral Tolerance
• • Oral Diseases and Vaccination
• • Dental Caries
• • Periodontal Disease
• • Behçet’s Disease (BD)
• • Sublingual and Buccal Vaccine Delivery
• • 'Biologics'-passive Immunotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies
• • Cancer

Chapter 7: Can Minimally Invasive Strategies Be Applicable in Restorative Dentistry?

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Evolution of Minimally Invasive (MI) Strategies in Restorative Dentistry
• • mi Operative Management Strategies in Anterior and Posterior Dentition
• • mi Management of Early Carious Lesions
• • Fissure Sealants
• • Preventive Resin Restoration (PRR)
• • Resin Infiltration Technique
• • mi Restorations in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions
• • mi Management for Deep Carious Lesions
• • Remineralisation of Demineralised Dentine
• • Cavity Design and Principles for MID
• • Appropriate Excavation Methods
• • mi Restorations in Posterior Teeth
• • mi Restorations in The “Aesthetic Zone”
• • "No-Prep" Adhesive Restorations: Another Way to Deal with Problems Related to Aesthetics
• • Management of Tooth Discoloration with MI Approach
• • Tooth Whitening/Bleaching
• • Management of Tooth Wear with MI Approaches
• • Tooth Loss and MI Restorative Approaches
• • An Alternative Replacement Approach to Tooth Loss: Resin Bonded Bridges
• • Repair of Defective Restorations

Chapter 8: Dental Materials and Their Clinical Implications in Minimally Invasive Dentistry

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Glass Ionomer Cements and the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART)
• • Bioactive Dental Composites
• • Cention N
• • Activa Bioactive
• • Bioactive Glass as Remineralizing Agent
• • Original Studies by Hench and Spilman on Incorporating Fluoride
• • New Fluoride- Containing Bioactive Glasses
• • Sol=Gel Fluoride- Containing Bioactive Glasses
• • Chloride- Containing Bioactive Glasses
• • Incorporating Bioactive Glasses into Resin Matrices

Chapter 9: Where Are We with a Minimally Invasive Approach in Periodontology?

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Changing Concepts: Dynamic Paradigm Shifts in Dentistry and in Periodontology
• • Non-surgical and Surgical Procedures in Periodontology
• • Non-surgical Procedures
• • Surgical Procedures in Minimally Invasive Periodontal Surgery (mips/mist)
• • Advantages of Minimally Invasive Periodontal Surgery
• • Disadvantages of Minimally Invasive Periodontal Surgery
• • Example of Applying the Principles of Minimal Invasive Periodontal Surgery in a Periodontal Practice
• • Relevant Medical and Dental History
• • Clinical Examination
• • Main Complaint
• • Surgical Procedure
• • Post-operative Instructions
• • Patient Outcomes
• • Post Script
• • Concluding Remarks

Chapter 10: Pulp and Endodonic Regeneration

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • The Dentin-Pulp Complex
• • Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Regeneration of the Dentine-Pulp Complex
• • Vital Pulp Therapy
• • Regenerative Endodontics

Chapter 11: Minimally Invasive Dentistry in Paediatric Dentistry

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • Differences between Primary and Permanent Teeth and How This Will Influence the MI Approach
• • Eruption and Exfoliation
• • Thinner Enamel and Dentine
• • Pulp Chamber and Canals
• • Dental Materials for Primary Teeth
• • Differences between Treating Children and Adults and How This Will Influence the MI Approach
• • Managing Behaviour
• • Health Promotion for Children
• • mi Therapies for Children
• • Silver Diamine Fluoride
• • Sealing in Caries
• • Atraumatic Restorative Technique

Chapter 12: Minimally Invasive Dentistry in Orthodontics

• • Key Topics
• • Learning Objectives
• • Introduction
• • New Technologies in Orthodontics (Diagnosis and Treatment Options)
• • How New Technologies in Orthodontics Help Achieving Minimally Invasive Orthodontics
• • Anchorage
• • Dentofacial Orthopedics
• • Accelerated Tooth Movement
• • Summary
• • References