Invertebrates
by Richard C. Brusca, Gonzalo Giribet, Wendy Moore
4th Edition
Publisher: Sinauer Associates
Book Details
| Print ISBN | 9780197554418 |
| eText ISBN | 9780197637173 |
| Publisher | Sinauer Associates |
| Publishing Year | 2022 |
| Edition | 4th Edition |
| Language | English |
Invertebrates, 4th Edition, is a comprehensive textbook published in 2022 by Sinauer Associates, an imprint of Oxford University Press. Written for undergraduate and graduate courses as well as professional researchers, the work surveys invertebrate diversity, classification, and evolutionary relationships.
The volume introduces core principles of systematics and animal body plans before exploring major metazoan lineages. Its thematic coverage spans non-bilaterian groups, basal bilaterians, spiralians, ecdysozoans, and deuterostomes, detailing anatomy, development, and phylogenetic history.
For the fourth edition, evolutionary biologist Gonzalo Giribet joins the author team, contributing phylogenomic expertise. The 2022 revision also streamlines the presentation to enhance accessibility for introductory-level students while preserving thorough treatment of animal origins and morphology.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
- • Keeping Track of Life
- • Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
- • Where Did Invertebrates Come From?
- • Where Do Invertebrates Live?
- • Changing Views of Invertebrate Phylogeny
- • A Final Introductory Message to the Reader
Chapter 2: Systematics, Phylogeny, and Classification
- • Phylogeny, Monophyly, Paraphyly, and Polyphyly
- • Homology
- • Apomorphy and Plesiomorphy
- • Challenges of Phylogenetic Inference
- • Constructing Phylogenies
- • Biological Classification
- • Nomenclature
Chapter 3: Introduction to the Animal Kingdom: Animal Architecture and Body Plans
- • Body Symmetry
- • Cellularity, Body Size, Germ Layers, and Body Cavities
- • Locomotion and Support
- • Cilia and Flagella
- • Feeding and Digestion
- • Excretion and Osmoregulation
- • Circulation and Gas Exchange
- • Nervous Systems and Sense Organs
- • Bioluminescence
- • Nervous Systems and Body Plans
- • Hormones and Pheromones
- • Reproduction
Chapter 4: Introduction to the Animal Kingdom: Development, Life Histories, and Origin
- • Evolutionary Developmental Biology: Evo-Devo
- • Eggs and Embryos
- • Life Cycles: Sequences and Strategies
- • The Relationships Between Ontogeny and Phylogeny
- • The Origin of the Metazoa
Chapter 5: Phylum Porifera: The Sponges
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Poriferan Body Plan
- • Some Additional Aspects of Sponge Biology
- • Poriferan Phylogeny
Chapter 6: Two Enigmatic Phyla: Placozoa and Ctenophora (The Comb Jellies)
- • Phylum Ctenophora
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Ctenophoran Body Plan
- • Ctenophoran Phylogeny
Chapter 7: Phylum Cnidaria: Anemones, Corals, Jellyfish, and Their Kin
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Cnidarian Body Plan
- • Cnidarian Evolutionary History
Chapter 8: A Brief introduction to the Bilateria and Its Major Clades
- • Deuterostomes and Protostomes
Chapter 9: Phylum Xenacoelomorpha. Basal Bilaterians
- • The Basal Bilaterian
- • Phylum Xenacoelomorpha
- • Subphylum Acoelomorpha
- • Class Acoela
- • The Acoel Body Plan
- • Class Nemertodermatida
- • The Nemertodermatid Body Plan
- • Subphylum Xenoturbellida
- • The Xenoturbellid Body Plan
Chapter 10: Protostomia, Spiralia, and the Phylum Dicyemida
- • Spiralia and Ecdysozoa
- • The Phylum Dicyemida (= Rhombozoa)
- • Anatomy and Biology of Dicyemidans
- • Life Cycles
Chapter 11: Gnathifera. The Phyla Gnathostomulida, Rotifera (including Acanthocephala), Micrognathozoa, and Chaetognatha
- • Phylum Gnathostomulida: The Gnathostomulids
- • The Gnathostomulid Body Plan
- • Phylum Rotifera: The Free-Living Rotifers
- • The Rotifer Body Plan
- • Body Cavity, Support, and Locomotion
- • Nervous System and Sense Organs
- • Reproduction and Development
- • Phylum Rotifera, Subclass Acanthocephala: The Acanthocephalans
- • The Acanthocephalan Body Plan
- • Phylum Micrognathozoa: The Micrognathozoans
- • The Micrognathozoan Body Plan
- • Phylum Chaetognatha
- • Chaetognath Classification
- • The Chaetognath Body Plan
Chapter 12: Platytrochozoa and Two Enigmatic Phyla: Entoprocta and Cycliophora
- • Phylum Entoprocta: The Entoprocts
- • The Entoproct Body Plan
- • Phylum Cycliophora: The Cycliophorans
Chapter 13: Introduction to the Lophotrochozoa, and the Phylum Mollusca
- • The Lophotrochoza
- • Phylum Mollusca
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Molluscan Body Plan
- • Molluscan Evolution and Phylogeny
Chapter 14: Phylum Nemertea: The Ribbon Worms
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Nemertean Body Plan
- • Nemertean Phylogeny
Chapter 15: Phylum Annelida. The Segmented (and Some Unsegmented) Worms
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Annelid Body Plan
- • Sipuncula: The Peanut Worms
- • Sipunculan Classification
- • The Sipunculan Body Plan
- • Thalassematidae: The Spoon Worms
- • Siboglinidae: Vent Worms and Their Kin
- • Siboglinid Taxonomic History
- • The Siboglinid Body Plan
- • Hirudinea: Leeches and Their Relatives
- • The Hirudinean Body Plan
- • Orthonectida: Extremely Simplified Annelids
- • Annelid Phylogeny
Chapter 16: The Lophophorata: Phyla Phoronida, Bryozoa, and Brachiopoda
- • Taxonomic History of the Lophophorates
- • The Lophophorate Body Plan
- • Phylum Phoronida: The Phoronids
- • The Phoronid Body Plan
- • Phylum Bryozoa: The Moss Animals
- • The Bryozoan Body Plan
- • Phylum Brachiopoda: The Lamp Shells
- • The Brachiopod Body Plan
Chapter 17: Rouphozoa: The Phyla Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) and Gastrotricha (Hairy-Bellied Worms)
- • Introduction to Rouphozoa
- • The Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Platyhelminth Body Plan
- • Platyhelminth Phylogeny
- • Phylum Gastrotricha: The Gastrotrichs, or Hairy-Bellied Worms
- • The Gastrotrich Body Plan
- • Reproduction and Development
Chapter 18: Introduction to Ecdysozoa: Scalidophora (Phyla Kinorhyncha, Priapula, Loricifera)
- • Introduction to Ecdysozoa
- • The Scalidophora
- • Phylum Kinorhyncha: The Kinorhynchs, or Mud Dragons
- • The Kinorhynch Body Plan
- • Phylum Priapula: The Priapulans, or Penis Worms
- • Priapulan Body Plan
- • Nervous System and Sense Organs
- • Phylum Loricifera: The Loriciferans
Chapter 19: Nematoida: Phyla Nematoda and Nematomorpha
- • Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms
- • Nematode Classification
- • The Nematode Body Plan
- • Life Cycles of Some Parasitic Nematodes
- • Phylum Nematomorpha: Horsehair Worms and Their Kin
- • The Nematomorph Body Plan
Chapter 20: Panarthropoda and the Emergence of the Arthropods. Tardigrades, Onychophorans, and the Arthropod Body Plan
- • Phylum Tardigrada
- • The Tardigrade Body Plan
- • Phylum Onychophora
- • The Onychophoran Body Plan
- • An Introduction to the Phylum Arthropoda
- • The Arthropod Body Plan and Arthropodization
- • The Evolution of Arthropods
Chapter 21: Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Crustacea: Crabs, Shrimps, and Their Kin
- • Classification of the Crustacea
- • Synopses of Crustacean Taxa
- • The Crustacean Body Plan
- • Crustacean Phylogeny
Chapter 22: Phylum Arthropoda. Hexapoda: Insects and Their Kin
- • The Hexapod Body Plan
- • Hexapod Evolution
Chapter 23: Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Myriapoda: Centipedes, Millipedes, and Their Kin
- • Myriapod Classification
- • The Myriapod Body Plan
- • Myriapod Phylogeny
Chapter 24: Phylum Arthropoda. The Chelicerata
- • Synopses of Living Chelicerate Groups*
- • The Euchelicerate Body Plan
- • The Class Pycnogonida
- • The Pycnogonid Body Plan
- • Chelicerate Phylogeny
Chapter 25: Introduction to Deuterostomia, and the Phylum Hemichordata
- • Introduction to the Deuterostomia
- • Phylum Hemichordata: Acorn Worms and Pterobranchs
- • The Hemichordate Body Plan
- • Class Enteropneusta (Acorn Worms)
- • Class Pterobranchia (Pterobranchs)
- • Hemichordate Fossil Record and Phylogeny
Chapter 26: The Phylum Echinodermata
- • The Phylum Echinodermata
- • Taxonomic History and Classification
- • The Echinoderm Body Plan
- • Echinoderm Phylogeny
Chapter 27: Phylum Chordata: Cephalochordata and Urochordata
- • Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Cephalochordata: The Lancelets
- • The Cephalochordate Body Plan
- • Phylum Chordata, Subphylum Urochordata: The Tunicates
- • The Tunicate Body Plan
- • Chordate Phylogeny
Chapter 28: Perspectives on Invertebrate Phylogeny
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